NecroSearch and Geoforensics International work on murder cases using remote sensing equipment for criminal and environmental data to help solve what often appears to be the unsolvable. Clark Davenport, one of the founders of NecroSearch is a forensic geophysicist in the Denver, CO metro area who’s volunteer organization of highly trained specialists work together to find anomalies that often lead to the resolution of murder and missing persons cases.
According to Davenport, 90% of murder scenes occur outdoors. Armed with this knowledge and the principal that you bring something to a crime scene as well as take something away NecroSearch investigators start looking for anomalies. In what would seem a role reversal, these investigators spend a lot of their investigative time gathering information about a scene via computers, aerial photographs, and even the tax assessors office. They begin by looking for patterns…patterns that should exist and disruptions to those patterns. Often these patterns are revealed by photographs.
Specialized film such as False Color Infrared and Thermal Infra Red reveal information about the state of the vegetation in an area (healthy plants look red on the False Color Infrared, hence its name) and heat anomalies.
Investigators take pictures of potential murder and / or clandestine grave areas in the morning and in the later evening, using shadows to indicate disturbances. Once they have gathered a lot of the aerial information they can begin to make some educated guesses about where to look next.
And where does one look next? Often the investigators check out nearby trees and find nests. Birds are known to build their nests out of hairs and synthetic fibers. Could there be trace evidence there? Rodents and insects burrow into ground material that is easy to move such as loose dirt. Often soft soil is indicative of a place to start searching. There may be evidence in the burrows such as earrings and buttons that can be traced to victims.
Knowing the topography, and the botany of an area will tell investigators much. Botanists can determine if a plant is new, or introduced into the area. Soil mounds occur because when soil is displaced, air mixes with the dirt and expands the volume by nearly one third. In addition, that which is being buried also creates a displacement.
Instruments used by farmers to determine irrigation needs also help solve these cases. Loose soil retains more moisture than the area around it. Better irrigated plants grow higher.
Ferrous in the ground automatically orients itself to magnetic north. Each layer of soil orients itself at the time it is created and magnetic north moves. Therefore, geophysicists look for specific orientations and can find soil disturbances because the magnetic orientation has been altered.
With twenty-two acres in the Highlands Ranch area of the southern Denver metro area, Davenport and his team perform experiments using pigs which are similar to humans in many ways. They determine such things as if a wild animal will desecrate a grave of a person filled with drugs; what sort of tracks an animal might make dragging a body wrapped in various materials such as shower curtains and blankets.
The group has been called in to verify informant information regarding murders that are sometimes years old, and their expertise in locating soil disturbances has led to the discover of many clandestine graves all over the world. One of their finds includes the buried body of a soldier from the army of Hannibal Barca, the Carthagian general. Here aerial photographs literally laid out a map of a buried town in Italy.
NecroSearch is a not for profit organization that hosts over thirty employees with seventeen specialties ranging from investigation to botany to archeology and more.